On May 13, 2025, Mali's military-led transitional government, under General Assimi Goïta, announced the dissolution of all political parties and organizations nationwide. This decree, broadcast on state television, also prohibits any meetings by members of these dissolved entities. The move follows weeks of escalating tensions, including the abduction of opposition figures and widespread pro-democracy demonstrations in the capital, Bamako.
 
Background and Protests
The political unrest began after a national conference in April recommended that Goïta remain president for a renewable five-year term and that all political parties be dissolved. These proposals sparked public outcry, leading to Mali's first significant pro-democracy protests in years. On May 3, hundreds gathered in Bamako to oppose the junta's plans, demanding a return to constitutional order.In response, the government suspended all political activities on May 7, citing public order concerns. Despite this, opposition groups continued to organize, leading to further crackdowns. Notably, on May 8, opposition leaders Abba Alhassane of CODEM and El Bachir Thiam of Yéléma were reportedly abducted by individuals believed to be security forces.
 
International Reactions and Human Rights Concerns
Human rights organizations have condemned the junta's actions. The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights described the dissolution of political parties as "draconian," highlighting a significant increase in human rights violations in Mali between 2023 and 2024. 
Former Prime Minister Moussa Mara criticized the decision, stating it undermines the reconciliation process initiated last year. Opposition leader Nouhoum Togo announced plans to challenge the decree in Mali's Constitutional Court, emphasizing that the constitution guarantees the existence of political parties.
 
Regional Implications
Mali's actions align with similar measures in neighboring Sahel countries, Burkina Faso and Niger, where military regimes have also dissolved political parties and extended transitional periods. These countries have formed the Alliance of Sahel States, distancing themselves from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and strengthening mutual defense agreements.
 

Conclusion

The dissolution of political parties marks a significant escalation in Mali's political crisis, raising concerns about the country's democratic future and stability. As the junta consolidates power, the international community watches closely, urging a return to constitutional governance and respect for human rights.